The short version: book your eye test with an optometrist, get your glasses fitted by an optician, and you’ll only see an ophthalmologist if you’re referred for a more serious condition. Below, we go through what each role actually involves, the training each one requires, and how to know which one you need.

An Optician

Opticians, known explicitly as dispensing opticians, help fit you for glasses and contact lenses. They aren’t qualified to perform eye tests and can’t write prescriptions for your vision. However, they can read your prescription to ensure you’re provided with appropriate vision correction. Opticians help customers to choose the right type of eyewear for their needs, from selecting lenses with anti-glare coatings to recommending sports goggles for active lifestyles.

Dispensing opticians need to complete a two-year diploma approved by the General Optical Council (GOC) and a one-year work placement, as well as pass their Professional Qualifying Examinations.

An Optometrist

An optometrist, also known as a prescribing optician or ophthalmic optician, can also help fit you for glasses and contact lenses, but they do much more. When you go to have your eyes tested at your local optician’s, it will be an optometrist who carries out the test. They are also trained to check for eye diseases and write the prescription for your vision.

Optometrists need to complete a three-year university degree in optometry approved by the GOC, complete a one-year work placement with a registered optometrist, and pass the GOC final assessment.

Some optometrists who complete the Independent Prescribers qualification can also prescribe a limited number of medications, e.g. antibiotics and steroids, to treat certain eye diseases.

An Ophthalmologist

If your optometrist finds that you have signs of an eye disease, they will refer you to a doctor who specialises in treating the eyes, this is an ophthalmologist. They can help manage or treat any eye disease, as well as eye injuries, and most ophthalmologists also perform eye surgery.

Ophthalmologists need to complete a four- or five-year medical degree, two years of foundation training in a hospital, and then a further seven years of hospital training to specialise in ophthalmology.

If you have an eye condition, you will be referred by your optometrist or GP to see an ophthalmologist who specialises in treating that particular condition. Ophthalmologists subspecialise in different parts of the eye (e.g. medical retina, cornea) or different eye conditions (e.g. glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy).

Ophthalmologists provide a wide range of services, including:

• Diagnosing and treating eye conditions
• Surgical procedures
• Prescribing medications
• Comprehensive eye examinations
• Referrals and collaborations
• Management of eye injuries
• Research and training

Which One Do I Need to See?

The type of practitioner you see will depend on your symptoms. Commonly, people will see their local optometrist when they need an eye test or are experiencing problems with their vision or eye health. Your optometrist might then recommend a visit to your GP or refer you to see a specialist.

If your symptoms are more severe, you can still contact your optometrist or GP first, but they might advise that you seek immediate medical assistance from an ophthalmologist.

• If you need new glasses or contact lenses, or if your vision is slightly changing, start with an optometrist. They’ll test, prescribe, and guide.
• If you need help with frame fitting, comfort, style, or adjustment & repair of glasses, a dispensing optician is the right person.
• If your optometrist detects signs of something more serious (eye disease, sudden vision loss, pain, injury), or if you require surgical intervention, you will be referred to an ophthalmologist.

Why This Distinction Matters To You

• Quality of Care: Knowing who does what helps ensure you get the proper care from the right person quickly.
• Specialisation & Expertise: Eye health involves more than just vision correction; diseases can develop with minimal symptoms. Correct diagnosis and treatment by a professional with adequate training is crucial.
• Safety & Regulation: All three roles are regulated in the UK (by GOC for opticians and optometrists; by medical regulatory bodies for ophthalmologists). This helps maintain standards in training, practice, ethics and patient safety. D.I. Blow Opticians ensure we comply with all professional regulatory standards, so whether you are fitted with glasses, undergoing an eye test or referred onward, you’re in safe hands.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does optometrist mean?

An optometrist is a healthcare professional trained to examine eyes, test vision, detect eye disease, and prescribe glasses or contact lenses. In the UK, this requires a university degree in optometry approved by the General Optical Council (GOC).

What does optician mean?

“Optician” usually refers to a dispensing optician — someone trained to fit and adjust glasses and contact lenses to a prescription. Dispensing opticians don’t carry out eye tests or diagnose eye conditions.

Can opticians prescribe antibiotics?

No — dispensing opticians cannot prescribe any medication. Some optometrists who’ve completed an additional Independent Prescriber qualification can prescribe a limited range of medications, including certain antibiotics and steroids, to treat specific eye conditions.

Are opticians or optometrists doctors?

No. Neither holds a medical degree. Ophthalmologists are the only one of the three who are medical doctors, having completed a full medical degree plus specialist eye training.

While the titles optician, optometrist, and ophthalmologist might seem confusing, each has a clearly defined role in eye care. Opticians focus on eyewear, optometrists on vision and disease detection, and ophthalmologists on medical and surgical treatment. Understanding the differences empowers you to seek the right specialist when needed, know what services to expect, and trust the care you receive.

If your eyesight affects your driving, it’s also worth knowing whether you need to tell the DVLA you wear glasses. And if you spend long hours in front of a screen, our guide to VDU syndrome covers the symptoms and how an optometrist can help.

At D. I. Blow Opticians, we deliver high-quality eye tests, prescription lenses, stylish frames, and expert advice. If you’re unsure about which service you need, just get in touch, and we’ll guide you through what’s best for your vision and health.

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If you spend long hours in front of a computer, it’s important to understand how working from home affects your eyes and what you can do to protect them. In this article, we’ll explore the impact of blue light from screens, the condition known as Computer Vision Syndrome, and practical steps to maintain eye health.

The Rise of Working From Home and Eye Strain

During the pandemic, millions of people across the UK shifted to remote working. While some have since returned to the office, many continue to work from home at least part of the week. This shift means more hours spent looking at laptops, tablets, and phones, often without the ergonomic setups found in professional office spaces.

Unfortunately, this has created a rise in complaints such as:

• Blurred or double vision
• Headaches after screen use
• Sore, dry or watery eyes
• Difficulty focusing after long tasks

These symptoms are commonly associated with eye fatigue, which occurs when the eyes are overworked.

Blue Light From Computer Screens

One of the most common concerns for home workers is blue light. This is a high-energy light emitted by digital screens, LED lighting, and smartphones. While exposure to blue light from natural sunlight is normal, the problem comes from prolonged, close-range use of digital devices.

Too much blue light exposure can:

• Disrupt your natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm).
• Contribute to digital eye strain.
• Cause discomfort during extended computer sessions.

Specialist blue light-blocking lenses are now widely available, helping to reduce the impact of screen use. At our opticians, we can recommend the right coatings or lenses if you’re experiencing symptoms linked to blue light.

For more information on blue light, read our full Blue Light Guide here.

Computer Vision Syndrome

Also known as digital eye strain, Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a growing concern in the era of remote work. It describes a group of vision-related problems caused by extended screen use.

Common Symptoms of CVS include:

• Eyestrain and discomfort
• Blurred or double vision
• Dry eyes due to reduced blinking
• Neck and shoulder pain from poor posture

CVS is not typically a permanent condition, but it can significantly impact productivity and comfort if not properly managed.

For more information on computer vision syndrome, read our full guide on Computer Vision Syndrome here.

How to Protect Your Eyes When Working From Home

The good news is that small changes to your daily routine can make a big difference to your eye comfort. Here are some expert tips from our opticians:

1. Follow the 20-20-20 Rule

Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something at least 20 feet away. This helps your eyes relax and reduces strain.

2. Adjust Screen Position

Keep your screen at arm’s length and position it slightly below eye level. This reduces glare and prevents your eyes from straining upwards.

3. Manage Lighting

Avoid working in dark rooms with a bright screen. Instead, balance natural and artificial light to minimise glare and shadows.

4. Blink More Often

When concentrating on screens, we tend to blink less, which can lead to dryness. Consciously blinking or using lubricating eye drops can help alleviate the discomfort.

5. Consider Blue Light Lenses

If you spend many hours at the computer, specialist lenses can reduce eye fatigue and improve comfort. Ask your optician about anti-reflective coatings and blue light filters.

6. Take Regular Breaks Away from Screens

Not all breaks should involve your phone. Step outside, stretch, or simply close your eyes for a few minutes to give them a complete rest.

Why An Eye Test Is Essential

If you’ve noticed persistent symptoms of eye strain, it’s important to book a comprehensive eye test. Even minor prescription adjustments can significantly enhance comfort when working on a computer.

During an examination at D.I. Blow Opticians, we can also identify underlying issues that may be contributing to your fatigue and recommend tailored solutions, such as specialist lenses or dry eye treatments.

Working from home has altered how we use our eyes on a day-to-day basis. Blue light exposure, Computer Vision Syndrome, and increased screen time all contribute to the rise of eye fatigue.

The good news is that with simple adjustments and regular eye care, you can protect your vision and work more comfortably. If you’re experiencing symptoms of eye strain, D.I. Blow Opticians are here to help with professional advice, specialist lenses, and tailored solutions.

Contact us today to book your eye examination and take the first step towards healthier, more comfortable vision.

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What is Astigmatism?

Typically, our eyeballs are round, but those with astigmatism will have an eye shape more akin to that of a rugby ball. This means that light entering your eyes bends unevenly, not focusing correctly on the retina, and affects your vision at all distances. You can either be born with astigmatism or it can develop over time.

What Causes Astigmatism?

Astigmatism is usually hereditary. It can also be caused by your eyelids putting too much pressure on your cornea. Health conditions don’t usually cause astigmatism; however, some conditions that can cause astigmatism include:

• Eye injuries
• Keratoconus
• Complications after eye surgery

Types of Astigmatism

A standard eye has a spherical cornea or lens, meaning the curves around the eye are the same. An eye with astigmatism has a steep curve and a flat curve, also known as the two principal meridians.

Regular Astigmatism

Regular astigmatism occurs when the two principal meridians are 90 degrees apart, with one meridian steeper than the other.

This type of astigmatism is the most common and can be corrected by glasses, contact lenses, or laser surgery.

Irregular Astigmatism

Where regular astigmatism occurs when the two principal meridians are always at right angles, irregular astigmatism happens when the two principal meridians are not symmetrical. The curvature of your cornea is uneven. This type of astigmatism is harder to correct than regular astigmatism.

Irregular astigmatism is typically caused by eye diseases such as keratoconus, corneal degeneration, corneal scarring, or ocular surface disease.

What are the Symptoms of Astigmatism?

The most common symptoms of astigmatism are blurred vision and the inability to see details on objects, such as the words printed on a menu in front of you or letters on a road sign in the distance.

Other astigmatism symptoms include:
• Headaches
• Fatigue
• Eye strain
• Squinting to see clearly
• Seeing a glare or halos around lights

Young children might not know that there’s anything wrong with their vision, even if they’re experiencing symptoms. Take your child to the optometrist if you notice them squinting, rubbing their eyes, or having frequent headaches.

Astigmatism in one eye may cause amblyopia, also known as lazy eye. It’s important that this is spotted early so it can be treated.

How is Astigmatism Diagnosed?

Your optometrist can diagnose astigmatism during an eye exam. Your optometrist might use a few tests to diagnose astigmatism, including:

• Visual Acuity Test: A visual acuity test is a test that checks your vision. You’ve had a visual acuity test if you’ve ever looked at a wall chart of letters or symbols during an eye exam.
• Refraction Test: Your optometrist will measure how much light is focused and is bent as it enters your eye.
• Keratometry: Keratometry measures your cornea’s curve.
• Slit Lamp Exam: A slit lamp is a special microscope with a bright light that your optometrist shines into your eye. They’ll adjust the brightness and thickness of the light’s beam to see the different layers and parts of your eye.

Treatments for Astigmatism

Astigmatism doesn’t always require treatment, but treatment options may include glasses, contact lenses, or laser surgery.

Glasses Pros:

• The cheapest option
• May be available free or discounted on the NHS

Glasses Cons:

• Could get lost or broken

Contact Lenses Pros:

• Choice of soft or hard lenses
• It can be a good choice if you have an active lifestyle
• May be free or discounted on the NHS

Contact Lenses Cons:

• It may not be suitable for everyone
• Risk of eye infection through poor contact lens hygiene

Laser Eye or Lens Surgery Pros:

• May be permanent
• It may be better for people with more severe vision problems

Laser Eye or Lens Surgery Cons:

• Risk of complications during or after surgery
• Not available on the NHS
• Can be expensive
• Possible side effects

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Astigmatism is a common vision problem, but it can be easily and effectively corrected. For more on this and other common eye conditions, see our full eye health guide. If you suspect that you may have astigmatism or have experienced a change in your vision, get in contact with your local D.I. Blow Opticians today.

The post What Is Astigmatism and How Is It Corrected? appeared first on D.I.Blow Opticians.

Your eyes don’t just help you see; they can also reveal signs of broader health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or even neurological issues. Therefore, regular eye exams are not just about getting a new prescription; they’re an essential part of your overall health check-up.

Your Eyes and General Wellbeing

Just as eye exams can reveal issues with your overall health, your general wellbeing can also impact your eyes. Poor lifestyle choices and unmanaged health conditions can increase the risk of:

• Dry Eyes: From dehydration or excessive screen use
• Blurred Vision: Due to uncontrolled blood sugar levels
• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Linked to poor diet and smoking
• Cataracts: Accelerated by UV exposure and lack of antioxidants

Your Eyes and Chronic Health Conditions

Many chronic health conditions can impact your eye health and vice versa. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, a condition that affect the blood vessels in the retina. High blood pressure can cause hypertensive retinopathy.

To find out more about the link between diabetes, your eyes, and diabetic retinopathy, read our blog on the topic here.

By managing chronic health conditions and keeping them under control, you can preserve your eye health. Hormonal changes are another internal factor worth knowing about — see our guide on how hormonal changes can affect your vision for more detail.

Your Eyes and the Correct Nutrients

Your eyes need the proper nutrients to stay healthy, just like the rest of your body. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, Vitamins C and E, and zinc play a crucial role in maintaining good eye health.

Including foods like leafy greens, fish, citrus fruits, nuts, and seeds in your diet can provide you with these essential nutrients. Additionally, staying well-hydrated is important for keeping your eyes lubricated and preventing dryness.

To find out more about how our diet affects our eyes, read our blog on the topic here.

Your Eyes and Your Mental Health

You might not think it, but there’s a big connection between the health of your eyes and the wellbeing of your mind. A CDC study found that 1 in 4 adults with vision loss reported anxiety or depression. Your eyes are also closely connected to your brain through intricate neural pathways, making them a direct reflection of our emotional and mental health.

Stress

When you’re stressed your pupils dilate, your blink rate increases, and your eyes can twitch. Chronic stress can take a toll on your eye health and could even lead to eye conditions like glaucoma. It’s important to manage stress not only for your own peace of mind but also for the sake of your eye health.

Mood Disorders

Mood disorders such as anxiety and depression can show up in physical eye symptoms. Changes in vision, sensitivity to light, and eye pain are just a few examples of your eyes being impacted by your mental health.

Brain Fog

Brain fog comes from digital eye strain. Prolonged screen time can make you feel mentally drained and harm your eyes.

Cognitive Decline

We know that eye exams can help diagnose other health issues like cardiovascular disease, risk factors for stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases, and even some cancers. Now, several studies show a link between changes in the retina and people with Alzheimer’s.

The retina, a layer of tissue at the back of the eye, contains cells directly connected to the brain, which means diseases that affect the retina can affect brain health.

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Your eyes are more than just a window to the world; they’re an indicator of your overall health. At D. I. Blow Opticians, we provide expert eye care to help you stay well, see clearly, and live fully.

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Regular eye exams keep your vision at its best, but they also help detect eye diseases early — many of which could go unnoticed for a long period of time. A comprehensive eye exam can also help flag other health problems, including signs of high blood pressure and diabetes, long before you’d notice symptoms yourself.

During a routine eye exam, your optometrist will check your:

• Visual Acuity: How clearly you can see
• Eye Alignment: Where each eye is looking when you focus on one spot
• Eye Movement: How your muscles move your eyes around

The following are signs you need an eye exam, even if you think you don’t.

1. You Don’t Remember When Your Last Eye Exam Was

Typically, you should go for an eye test every 2 years. If you are predisposed to certain risk factors or are above the age of 65, this could change to every year.

Many eye diseases have no obvious symptoms at first and they may go unnoticed and continue to worsen over time. Regular eye exams can help lead to getting treated sooner and avoiding a worst-case scenario.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for treating common eye diseases such as:

• Cataracts: The clouding of the lenses in your eyes, which can lead to vision loss
• Glaucoma: A disease that damages your optic nerves
• Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): The gradual loss of tissues in your eye that use light to see
• Diabetic Retinopathy: Damage to blood vessels in the back of your eyes, which can cause blindness

An OCT scan can now detect many of these conditions years before symptoms appear, often as a simple add-on to your regular eye test.

2. You Are At High Risk For Eye Diseases

Like with other aspects of your health, there are certain factors that can increase your risk of developing eye diseases — some of these, however, are out of your control.

You should get your eyes checked every year if you:

• Have a personal or family history of eye diseases such as cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, or macular degeneration.
• Have diabetes, which can potentially lead to diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, or cataracts.
• Have a chronic health condition such as high blood pressure or heart disease.
• Have had eye surgery or an eye injury in the past.
• Have a job that’s visually demanding, such as working on a computer all day.
• Are of African American or Mexican American descent.
• Wear contact lenses.
• Have eyesight that continues to worsen over time.

3. You Have Allergies

If your eyes are often red and irritated, but you don’t see anything in them, you’re probably suffering from allergies. You might not get the telltale signs of sneezing, sniffing, or a blocked nose, but you may have eye allergies if you’re experiencing:

• Redness
• Burning
• Itchiness
• Clear, watery discharge from the eyes

Eye allergies can be caused by a range of things including:

• Outdoor allergens such as grass, trees, pollen, weeds
• Indoor allergens such as pet dander/fur, mould, dust mites
• Irritants such as smoke or perfume

Depending on the severity of your allergies, your optometrist might recommend you use over-the-counter or prescription eye drops and medications. Having an eye exam can also give you confirmation as to whether your symptoms are allergy-based in the first place.

4. You Notice Your Vision Getting Worse

It might seem obvious, but if you notice that you’re struggling a little more to read road signs or this blog post on your screen, then you need to book in for an eye exam. It’s easy to say it’s not a big difference and you can still cope, but catching changes in your vision early is important for long lasting healthy vision.

Vision problems can make it difficult to go about your daily routine, but eye strain can also cause headaches. This happens when your eyes aren’t focusing as they should, causing them to work harder than normal. Most often, a headache caused by eye strain will occur after you’ve used your eyes for fine, concentration work such as reading, working on the computer, or sewing.

5. Difficulty Adjusting Your Vision Between Distances

If you find it increasingly difficult to adjust your vision when transitioning from near to far objects or vice versa, it could be a sign of underlying vision issues.

Your eyes should be able to adapt smoothly to varying distances. Difficulty in doing so might indicate problems like presbyopia or other vision changes.

6. Having Trouble Seeing or Driving at Night

Night vision problems, including glare from headlights, halos around lights, or trouble seeing road signs and pedestrians in low-light conditions, can indicate various eye conditions.

Poor night vision can pose a significant risk, especially for driving, as it impacts your ability to react promptly to road hazards. Meeting the standard vision requirements for driving as set by the DVLA is essential for road safety.

Book yourself in for an eye exam before heading back out on the road.

7. You Have Diabetes

People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, a condition that affects the blood vessels in the retina.

Regular eye exams are essential for the early detection and management of diabetic eye complications. For those with diabetes, having an eye exam every year is often recommended.

For more information on diabetes, your eyes, and diabetic retinopathy, read our blog here.

8. You See Flashing Lights or Large Floaters

Floaters are those tiny squiggles, circles, or lines that you sometimes see floating in your field of vision. Although they appear to be in front of your eyes, they are actually the shadows cast by microscopic fibres in the vitreous fluid inside your eyes.

Seeing flashing lights or floaters occasionally is normal and you will see them more as you age.

However, if you see an unusually large number of flashing lights or floaters, you may have had a retinal tear or detachment.

9. You’re Extra Sensitive to Light

It’s normal to experience some degree of light sensitivity (photophobia) as your eyes transition from indoor lighting to outdoor sunshine.

However, if your eyes are sensitive to light, this could be a sign of serious eye conditions such as a corneal abrasion, cataracts, or keratoconus.

It’s always worth checking with your optometrist.

FAQs

What Are the Signs You Need an Eye Test?

Common signs include struggling to read signs or screens clearly, frequent headaches after reading or screen use, difficulty adjusting your focus between near and far objects, trouble seeing at night or when driving, and noticing more floaters or flashes of light than usual. If you don’t remember your last eye test, that’s a sign in itself — most adults should have one every 2 years.

How Do I Know If I Need an Eye Test?

If it’s been more than 2 years since your last eye test (or a year if you’re over 65, diabetic, or have a family history of eye disease), it’s worth booking one even without obvious symptoms — many eye conditions develop gradually with no early warning signs.

How Often Should You Get Your Eyes Tested?

Every 2 years for most adults, or annually if you’re over 65, have diabetes, have a family history of eye disease, or wear contact lenses.

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Aside from getting your eyes checked regularly, small lifestyle changes can help protect your eye health too — maintaining a healthy weight, wearing sunglasses with 100% UV protection, eating a balanced diet, and not smoking.

Is it time to schedule yourself in for an eye exam? If your prescription is straightforward, you could even get your eye test and new glasses on the same day. Book yourself in for a comprehensive eye exam with D. I. Blow Opticians today to ensure that you have lifelong healthy vision.

The post Signs You Might Need An Eye Exam – Even If You Think You Don’t appeared first on D.I.Blow Opticians.

If you take good care of your sunglasses they can last for 10 years or more. So what are our top tips for getting the most out of your favourite shades?

1. Protect Your Sunglasses From Scratches

Whilst glass lenses are more resistant to scratching than polycarbonate lenses, whatever your lens types it’s important to store your sunglasses in a case. If you just drop them in your bag they’re likely to get scratched by your keys and ruined.

Get yourself either a hardshell case or at minimum a microfibre pouch.

2. Clean Your Sunglasses Properly

Your sunglasses will be prone to smudges and grime, they will pick up oils from your skin and fingers, dirt from outside, makeup residue, and salt or chlorine from the ocean or pool.

The best way to clean your sunglasses is to start with clean, dry hands. Rinse your glasses under warm water and soap up your fingers with a few drops of mild dishwashing soap without harsh detergents or moisturisers. Rub soapy water on the frames and then dry them with a microfibre cloth for best results.

Do not use rubbing alcohol, glass cleaners, vinegar, or any other household cleaners on your glasses.

3. Don’t Leave Your Sunglasses In The Car

Don’t place your sunglasses on the dashboard where heat from the sun is particularly intense.

Extreme heat can be generated by the windshield of your car and that heat can cause the lens of your sunglasses to delaminate. The mirroring and anti-reflective coatinga on the lenses may degrade.

4. Consider How Your Care For Polarised or Mirrored Lenses

Whilst care for polarised sunglasses and mirrored sunglasses is the same as any pair of glasses, it should be noted that some high-quality lenses place the mirror inside the glass, while less-expensive lenses might spray on the mirroring.

Spray on coatings are more vulnerable to scratching and chemicals.

5. Stop Wearing Your Sunglasses On Top Of Your Head

Wearing your sunglasses on top of your head might seem convenient when not in use, but doing this repeatedly can damage to the nose pads, cause the screws to loosen, and stretch the arms.

If you follow these tips and advice, you will ensure that your favourite sunglasses stand the test of time. If you’re in the market for a new pair, take a look at our guide to polarised vs non-polarised lenses or our guide to prescription sunglasses, or browse our full Sunglasses Lens Guide to compare all the lens options available, then visit us in store at D.I. Blow Opticians to see our full range.

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What is Blue Light?

The world contains electromagnetic energy that travels around, and through, us in waves. Most electromagnetic waves are invisible, except for a small band known as Visible Light, that can be detected by the human eye. Visible light waves vary in length from 380 nanometres (violet light) to 700 nanometres (red light).

The longer the wave, the less energy it transmits. Blue light has very short, high-energy waves. They’re only slightly longer and less powerful than UV rays.

Blue light, like all colours of visible light, is all around you. The sun emits blue light, alongside fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs. Human beings are exposed to more blue light than ever because of the widespread use of devices that rely on light-emitting diode (LED) technology.

Screens of computers, TVs, phones, and tablets all use LED technologies with high amounts of blue light.

How Does Blue Light Affect Your Eyes?

Whilst your eyes are equipped with structures that protect them from some types of light, those structures don’t keep out blue light. Your cornea and lens protect the light-sensitive retina at the back of your eye from damaging UV rays, however.

Some eye health experts have expressed concerns about exposure to blue light from backlit digital screens and devices. This is because people spend so much time on them and use them at such a close range. However, this is more of an issue to do with eye strain than the effects of blue light. People tend to blink less when using digital devices, which contributes to dry eye and eye strain.

So far, research does not appear to validate the concerns about blue light eye damage.

However, exposure to a lot of blue light before bed can disrupt sleep patterns as it affects when our bodies create melatonin. Interruption of the circadian system plays a role in the development of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer sleep disorders, and cognitive dysfunctions.

Blue Light and Digital Eyestrain

Using digital devices up close or for long periods of time can lead to digital eyestrain.

Research has shown that when people use phones, laptops, and other digital devices, they tend to blink less often than normal. Fewer blinks can mean less moisture.

When your eyes are strained from staring at a blue light emitting screen, you might notice the following:

• Dry eyes
• Sore or irritated eyes
• Tired eyes
• Headaches
• Facial muscles fatigued by squinting

Blue light scatters more easily than most other visible light. This may make it difficult for your eye to focus when receiving blue light. Instead, your eye may process blue light as poorly focused visual static. This reduction in contrast may make it more difficult for your eye to process blue light, potentially contributing to eyestrain.

Are There Any Benefits To Blue Light?

Blue light boosts alertness, helps memory and brain function, and elevates mood. It regulates your body’s natural wake and sleep cycle (circadian rhythm). Sunlight, the biggest source of blue light, is also important for the growth and development of eyes and vision in children.

Light, in particular blue light that reaches the retina, can also affect psychological wellbeing. For example, light therapy is used to treat winter depression and insomnia. However, it should be done in moderation as too much light exposure carries certain risks and can be damaging.

Do Blue Light Glasses Work?

There are many studies on blue light glasses, but there is yet a consensus to be reached. However, they can help protect eyes from eye strain caused by overexposure to blue light.

If you spend a lot of time using digital devices and notice digital eye strain, blue light glasses might be helpful.

Limiting Blue Light Exposure / Reducing Digital Eyestrain

Use the 20/20/20 Method

When using a device that emits blue light, stop every 20 minutes to focus on an object that is 20 feet away for 20 seconds.

Keep Your Eyes Moist

Eye drops, like artificial tears, and room humidifiers are good ways to keep your eyes from becoming too dry and irritated when using blue light devices.

Use Glasses With The Correct Prescription

Squinting at screens for long periods of time isn’t recommended for the overall health of your eyes. If you wear prescription glasses to correct your vision, make sure you’re wearing the correct prescription.

Adjust The Blue Light On Your Screen

To lower the risk of eyestrain and sleep disturbance, you can set your screens to a ‘night shift’ setting that uses warmer tones. You can also buy blue light screen filters for when you’re working at night. The filter is designed to cut the glare of your screen.

FAQs

Is Blue Light Bad for Your Eyes?

Current research doesn’t show that everyday blue light exposure from phones, laptops, or TVs causes lasting eye damage. Most of the discomfort linked to screens, dryness, tiredness, headaches, comes from reduced blinking and extended close-up focus rather than blue light itself.

Does the Sun Emit Blue Light?

Yes; sunlight is by far the biggest source of blue light we’re exposed to, far more than screens or LED lighting. Natural blue light exposure also plays an important role in regulating your sleep-wake cycle and, in children, healthy eye development.

How Does Blue Light Work?

Blue light is part of the visible light spectrum with a short wavelength and high energy, just below UV light. It scatters more easily than other visible light, which is part of why screens can feel harder to focus on during long sessions.

What Is Blue Light Used For?

Beyond vision, blue light helps regulate alertness, mood, and your natural sleep-wake cycle, and is used therapeutically in light therapy for conditions like seasonal depression. Too much exposure late at night can disrupt sleep, which is why many screens offer a “night mode” that reduces blue light output.

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If you’re concerned about your eye health, book in for a comprehensive eye exam with D. I. Blow Opticians today.

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There’s no correct answer. It will depend entirely on your lifestyle and preferences. This guide is to help you decide which is the most convenient option for you.

Glasses, The Obvious Choice

You’re in an optician’s and surrounded by glasses displays. Naturally, glasses are the most obvious choice. More recently, glasses have become not just a tool to help with vision but also a fashion accessory.

Glasses have lots of benefits:

• They’re Easy To Use: Just place them on your face and you’re good to go. They also don’t require much care – you can just use a microfibre cloth to wipe away any dust or smudges.
• They Are Available in Many Styles and Colours: You can find a pair that suits you and your personality with lots of different shapes, sizes, and colours to choose from.
• They Don’t Need to be Replaced Often: Unless your prescription changes every eye test, there’s no need to replace your glasses.
• They Don’t Increase Your Risk of Eye Infections: Glasses don’t touch your eyes, so they don’t pose any increased risk of eye infection.

However, glasses also have their drawbacks:

• They Might Distort Your Vision: If you have astigmatism or a strong prescription, your field of vision with glasses may be distorted.
• They Might be Uncomfortable: You might not like how glasses feel on your face – the weight of your frames and lenses can cause pressure on the bridge of your nose and your ears.
• They Can Become Foggy or Dirty in Certain Conditions: The lenses in your glasses can also become foggy or dirty in certain conditions, such as outside in the rain or a dirty or dusty environment.
• They May Not Be Good For Sports or Certain Activities: Glasses can fall off your face or get broken more easily during sports or other physical activities.
• They’re More Expensive to Replace: Having a single pair of glasses means you’ll have to buy new ones if those frames get lost or irreparably broken.

Contact Lenses, The More Practical Choice?

You can get a variety of types of contact lenses nowadays, they’re much less limited than they had been in the past. You can get contacts for daily, monthly, or fortnightly use. There are also different types of contact lenses depending on your vision problems. You can use toric lenses for astigmatism, multifocal lenses for presbyopia, or spherical lenses for myopia and hyperopia — if presbyopia affects both your near and distance vision, our guide to varifocal contact lenses covers this option in more detail.

Thinking of trying contacts? Here are some benefits:

• They Provide Better Peripheral Vision: An advantage of contacts is that they sit right on the eye and move with it. For that reason, contacts are a great choice for people who lead active lifestyles.
• They’re Difficult to Damage: Contacts can’t be damaged in the same way as glasses by sitting on them, falling off your face, or being stepped on.
• There Are Different Options Based on Your Needs: You are able to decide which type of contact lenses work best for you.
• They Aren’t Obvious on Your Face: It’s hard to tell if you’re wearing contact lenses, so they can be a good option for those who want to have a natural appearance or highlight their makeup.
• You Don’t Need to Buy Prescription Sunglasses: When wearing contacts, you can choose any standard sunglasses you like as opposed to buying a special prescription pair.

However, there are certain disadvantages to contact lenses:

• There’s a Chance of Infection: The biggest risk with contact lenses is an eye infection. Infection risks are lowest with daily disposable lenses because you are using a fresh pair every day. For all other lens types, you need to follow good hygiene practices to reduce the risk.
• They Require Special Cleaning: You need to clean your contact lenses every night with a contact solution and store them properly in a case.
• They Require You to Touch Your Eye: For some people, it can take a while to get used to placing and removing your contact lenses from your eyeballs. Some people might never be comfortable with this.
• They May Blur Your Vision at Times: If you have astigmatism, your lenses are typically designed not to move around a lot, but in some cases, your vision may become blurry if your lenses rotate.
• They Can Cause Dryness and Irritation: Some people may experience eye dryness and irritation whilst wearing contact lenses.

To learn more about the contact lenses we offer at D.I. Blow Opticians, click here.

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Alternating between glasses and contacts gives you the best of both worlds. Each kind of eyewear compensates for the drawbacks of the other and gives you the flexibility to do whatever you like during the day with the clearest vision possible.

The most important thing to remember overall though, is to always follow the advice given by your optician.

The post Contact Lenses vs Glasses: Which Is Right For You? appeared first on D.I.Blow Opticians.

People who have Down’s syndrome are more likely to have difficulties with their eyesight, up to half will need to wear glasses. It is vital that children, young people, and adults have regular eye checks to minimise the effects of any sight difficulty they have.

About Down’s Syndrome and The Eyes

Teenagers and adult who have Down’s syndrome should have a full assessment by an optician every year.

Anyone who has Down’s syndrome, aged 14 or over, is entitled to a free annual health check with their GP and vision should be discussed as part of this check. This is in addition to regular eye tests from an optician, it does not replace them.

Even when people with Down’s syndrome are wearing correctly fitted glasses, they will still have poor visual acuity. This means their world lacks firm details and sharp contrasts. This is the case for everyone who has Down’s syndrome.

If a person’s behaviour has changed, they appear confused or have lost skills, it’s a good idea to check for an underlying medical cause such as changes in vision. They may not be able to tell you their sight has changed.

Vision Problems in Young Children with Down’s Syndrome

Since refractive errors (long and short sight), nystagmus (wobbly eyes) and squint (eye turn) are more common in children who have Down’s syndrome, children should have a full eye examination before the age of 2.

Typically, children who have long or short sight at birth will grow out of this over the first 2-3 years. Children who have Down’s syndrome are highly unlikely to grow out of these conditions and can develop significant long or short sight in the early years. About 60% of children with Down’s syndrome will need glasses by the age of 4.

Visual acuity (detail vision) and contrast sensitivity (the ability to see faint targets) are reduced in all people who have Down’s syndrome, even when the correct glasses are worn. This means that children struggle to access conventional learning materials at school and teachers must make appropriate adjustments.

Keratoconus

Keratoconus is an eye disease that usually occurs during or after puberty. It can cause corneal thinning or haze and blurred vision. Glasses are used as an early treatment. As the disease progresses, corneal collagen cross-linking can be used. This involves a solution being applied to the eyes followed by ultraviolet light which causes new collagen bonds to form. In advanced stages, surgical options may be considered. Keratoconus is extremely common in individuals with Down’s syndrome.

Tear Ducts

Many individuals with Down’s syndrome have tear duct abnormalities. Family or caregivers may notice frequent tearing or discharge from the eyes that becomes worse during colds. Often the first line of treatment is massage over the space between the eye and the nose 2-3 times a day to attempt to open the tear duct. If the symptoms continue, the tear duct may need to be opened by a surgical procedure.

Cataracts

Children who have Down’s syndrome are at an increased risk of cataracts at birth or shortly after, the recommendation is children’s eyes should be checked for cataracts by the age of 6 weeks.
If cataracts are present from early in a child’s life, then a clear image is not delivered to the brain, and the brain does not ‘learn’ to see. If the cataract is not removed, it can result in lifelong vision impairment. This is why early detection of cataracts in infants and children is so important.

Other common eye issues in people with Down’s syndrome include strabismus (one or both eyes turn inward or outward), amblyopia (lazy eye with vision impairment), and nystagmus (involuntary movement of the eyes).

Strabismus does not necessarily cause vision impairment, it can be treated with glasses, eye patching, and in severe cases surgery. If left untreated, strabismus can cause amblyopia.

Amblyopia occurs when vision does not develop normally due to the eyes being misaligned and results in vision loss.

Nystagmus is an involuntary side to side, up and down, or circular movement of the eyes. It typically involves both eyes. Nystagmus may go away on its own with time, be managed with glasses, or in severe cases require surgery.

FAQs

Do People with Down’s Syndrome Have Eye Problems?

Yes. People with Down’s syndrome are more likely to have difficulties with their eyesight, and up to half will need to wear glasses. Regular eye checks help minimise the impact of any sight difficulties.

How Often Should Someone with Down’s Syndrome Have an Eye Test?

Teenagers and adults with Down’s syndrome should have a full assessment by an optician every year. Young children should have a full eye examination before the age of 2, as refractive errors, nystagmus, and squint are more common and less likely to resolve on their own than in children without Down’s syndrome.

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If you’re worried about your or someone else’s eye health, get in contact with your local D. I. Blow Opticians and book in for an eye test today.

The post Down’s Syndrome and Eye Care appeared first on D.I.Blow Opticians.

Two thirds of all blindness and visual impairment occurs in women, for this and several other reasons, women’s eye health deserves its own special attention.

The Facts

• Women typically live longer, putting them at higher risk for eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, and cataracts.
• Women are also more likely to suffer from autoimmune conditions, which often come with visual side effects.
• Normal age-related hormonal changes may also affect women’s eyes. Dry eye is more common in women partly due to hormonal changes that come with aging — our guide to how hormonal changes can affect your vision covers this in more detail, and our complete guide to dry eye explores the causes and treatment options in full.
• Women are more likely to undergo certain cancer treatments that may affect vision.

According to a Study By Prevent Blindness:

• Less than 10% of women realise that they are at a greater risk of permanent vision loss than men.
• 86% of women incorrectly believe that men and women are at equal risk.
• 5% of women think that men are at greater risk.
• 1 in 4 women has not had an eye test in the last 2 years.

What Should Women Be Doing To Protect Their Eyes?

Get a Dilated Eye Exam: This is the only way to know if your eyes are healthy and your vision is intact.

Eat a Healthy Diet: Lower your risk of eye disease by eating plenty of fresh fruits, leafy green vegetables, salmon, tuna, and other oily fish. You should also include eggs, nuts, beans, and other non-meat protein sources.

Maintain a Healthy Weight: Manage chronic conditions, such as diabetes.

Don’t Smoke: Smoking is linked to AMD, cataracts, and glaucoma.

Know Your Family History: Share it with your doctor, many eye diseases are hereditary.

Use Protective Eyewear: Protect your eyes when doing household chores or outdoor work, playing sports, or working on a job that involves flying debris, sparks, or chemicals. Wear safety glasses, goggles, shields, or eye guards made of polycarbonate.

Wear Sunglasses: Sunglasses help protect your eyes from UV rays. Prolonged exposure to sunlight can increase your risk of cataracts and AMD. Look for sunglasses blocking out 99-100% of UVA and UVB rays.

Pregnancy and Your Vision

Pregnancy brings an increase in hormones that may cause changes in vision. In most cases, these are temporary eye conditions that will return to normal after delivery.

As an expectant mother you should be aware of vision changes during pregnancy and know what symptoms indicate a serious problem.

If you suffer from any pre-existing conditions like glaucoma, high blood pressure, or diabetes, it’s important that you tell your optometrist you’re pregnant. Your optometrist will want to monitor your eyes closely for changes during this time.

Refractive Changes

During pregnancy, changes in hormone levels can alter the strength you need in your glasses or contact lenses. Though usually nothing to worry about, it’s a good idea to discuss any vision changes with your optometrist who can help you to decide whether or not to change your prescription. You may be told to wait a few weeks after giving birth before making a change in your prescription.

Dry Eyes

Some women experience dry eyes during pregnancy. This is usually temporary and goes away after giving birth. Thankfully, lubricating eye drops are perfectly safe to use whilst you are pregnant or nursing. For a fuller picture of dry eye causes and treatment beyond pregnancy, see our complete guide to dry eye.

Wearing Contact Lenses

Contact lenses, contact lens solutions, and enzymatic cleaners are all safe to use whilst you are pregnant. To reduce irritation cause by a combination of dry eyes and contact lenses, try cleaning your contacts with an enzymatic cleaner more often. If dry, irritated eyes make wearing contacts too uncomfortable, don’t worry – your eyes will return to normal within a few weeks post birth.

Puffy Eyelids

Puffiness around the eyes is another common side effect of certain hormonal changes women may have whilst pregnant. Puffy eyelids can interfere with your vision from the sides. Remember to keep drinking plenty of water and stick to a moderate diet, low in sodium and caffeine.

Migraines

Migraines linked to hormonal changes are very common among pregnant women. In some cases, migraines make eyes feel more sensitive to light.

If you are pregnant and suffering from migraines, talk to your doctor before taking any prescription or non-prescription migraine medication.

Diabetes

Women who are diabetic before their pregnancy and those who develop gestational diabetes need to watch their vision closely.

Blurred vision in such cases may indicate elevated blood sugar levels.

You can read more about the effects of diabetes on the eye in our blog about Diabetic Retinopathy.

High Blood Pressure

In some cases, a woman might have blurry vision or spots in front of her eyes whilst pregnant. These symptoms can be caused by an increase in blood pressure during pregnancy. At excessive levels, high blood pressure can even cause retinal detachment.

Glaucoma

Women being treated for glaucoma should tell their optometrist right away if they are pregnant or intend to become pregnant.

While many glaucoma medications are safe to take during pregnancy, certain medications such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can be harmful to the developing baby.

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If you’re worried about your eyesight, are pregnant, or intending on becoming pregnant soon, book in for a conversation with one of our friendly optometrists at D. I. Blow Opticians today.

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